The term sexually transmitted disease (STD) is used to refer to a condition passed from one person to another through sexual contact. A person can contract an STD by having unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has the STD.

An STD may also be called a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or venereal disease (VD).

That doesn’t mean sex is the only way STDs are transmitted. Depending on the specific STD, infections may also be transmitted through sharing needles and breastfeeding.

Symptoms of STDs in men

It’s possible to contract an STD without developing symptoms. But some STDs cause obvious symptoms. In men, common symptoms include:

• pain or discomfort during sex or urination
• sores, bumps, or rashes on or around the penis, testicles, anus, buttocks, thighs, or mouth
• unusual discharge or bleeding from the penis
• painful or swollen testicles
• Specific symptoms can vary, depending on the STD. Learn more about the symptoms of STDs in men.

Symptoms of STDs in women

In many cases, STDs don’t cause noticeable symptoms. When they do, common STD symptoms in women include:

• pain or discomfort during sex or urination
• sores, bumps, or rashes on or around the vagina, anus, buttocks, thighs, or mouth
• unusual discharge or bleeding from the vagina
• itchiness in or around the vagina
• The specific symptoms can vary from one STD to another. Here’s more about the symptoms of STDs in women.

Treatment of STDs

The recommended treatment for STDs varies, depending on what STD you have. It’s very important that you and your sexual partner be successfully treated for STDs before resuming sexual activity. Otherwise, you can pass an infection back and forth between you.

Bacterial STDs

Usually, antibiotics can easily treat bacterial infections.

It’s important to take all your antibiotics as prescribed. Continue taking them even if you feel better before you finish taking all of them. Let your doctor know if your symptoms don’t go away or return after you’ve taken all of your prescribed medication.

Viral STDs

Antibiotics can’t treat viral STDs. While most viral infections have no cure, some can clear on their own. And in many cases, treatment options are available to relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission.

For example, medications are available to reduce the frequency and severity of herpes outbreaks. Likewise, treatment can help stop the progression of HIV. Furthermore, antiviral drugs can lower your risk of transmitting HIV to someone else.

Other STDs

Some STDs are caused by neither viruses nor bacteria. Instead, they’re caused by other small organisms. Examples include:

• pubic lice
• trichomoniasis
• scabies

These STDs are usually treatable with oral or topical medications. Our Specialist will provide you with more information about your condition and treatment options.